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This is useful for query middleware so you can add an update regardless of whether you use updateOne(), updateMany(), findOneAndUpdate(), etc. Use pre(‘replaceOne’) and post(‘replaceOne’) instead. Unlike projection(), the select() function modifies the current projection in place. When a Query is passed, conditions, field selection and options are merged. For update operations, returns the value of a path in the update’s $set.

To force execution without a callback, we must first call update() and then execute it by using the exec() method. Passing an empty object as the doc will result in a no-op unless the overwrite option is passed. Executes the query returning a Promise which will be resolved with either the doc or rejected with the error. Adds a $set to this query’s update without changing the operation.

Mongoose will prepend ‘$’ if the specified field name doesn’t start with ‘$’. Note that the $replaceRoot operator requires field strings to start with ‘$’. If you are passing in a string Mongoose will prepend ‘$’ if the specified field doesn’t start ‘$’. If you are passing in an object the strings in your expression will not be altered. Note that MongoDB aggregations do not support the noCursorTimeout flag, if you try setting that flag with this function you will get a "unrecognized field ‘noCursorTimeout’" error.

Mongoose also prevents changing immutable properties using updateOne() and updateMany() based on strict mode. Override the function the required validator uses to check whether a value passes the required check. An AggregationCursor fulfills the Node.js streams3 API, in addition to several other mechanisms for loading documents from MongoDB one at a time. An AggregationCursor is a concurrency primitive for processing aggregation results one document at a time.

Note that the $unwind operator requires the path name to start with ‘$’. Mongoose will prepend ‘$’ if the specified field doesn’t start ‘$’. the field to unwind, either as field names or as objects with options. If passing a string, prefixing the field name with ‘$’ is optional. Note that the $sortByCount operator requires the new root to start with ‘$’.

Will stop streaming and subsequent calls to next() will error. A QueryCursor is a concurrency primitive for processing query results one document at a time. A QueryCursor fulfills the Node.js streams3 API, in addition to several other mechanisms for loading documents from MongoDB one at a time. MongoDB 2.4 deprecated the use of $within, replacing it with $geoWithin. Mongoose uses $geoWithin by default (which is 100% backward compatible with $within). If you are running an older version of MongoDB, set this flag to false so your within() queries continue to work. Use pre(‘updateOne’) and post(‘updateOne’) instead.

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If Mongoose’s built-in error message templating isn’t enough, authentec drivers Windows 10 Mongoose supports setting the message property to a function. From the examples above, you may have noticed that error messages support basic templating. There are a few other template keywords besides PATH and VALUE too. If not passed, the default generic error message template will be used. Validators always receive the value to validate as their first argument and must return Boolean. Returning false or throwing an error means validation failed.

If a function, Mongoose calls the function and only checks for nullish values if the function returns a truthy value. If truthy, Mongoose will disallow changes to this path once the document is saved to the database for the first time. Allows overriding casting logic for this individual path. If a string, the given string overwrites Mongoose’s default cast error message. Atomically shifts the array at most one time per document save(). Pops the array atomically at most one time per document save().

Declare and/or execute this query as an updateOne() operation. Same as update(), except it does not support the multi or overwrite options. Declare and/or execute this query as an updateMany() operation. Same as update(), except MongoDB will update all documents that match filter regardless of the value of the multi option. The operation is only executed when a callback is passed.

Useful for writing getters/setters that can work with both update operations and save(). context if set to ‘query’ and runValidators is on, this will refer to the query in custom validator functions that update validation runs. by default, mongoose only returns the first error that occurred in casting the query.

A ValidationError has a hash of errors that contain individual ValidatorError instances. An instance of this error class will be returned when validation failed. The errors property contains an object whose keys are the paths that failed and whose values are instances of CastError or ValidationError. An instance of this error will be returned if you used an array projection and then modified the array in an unsafe way. An instance of this error class will be returned when mongoose failed to cast a value. MongooseError is the base class for all Mongoose-specific errors.